Ramjet engine and how its works

Ever thought of travelling at a speed of more than 7000 km/hr . Flying at supersonic and hypersonic speed is need of the present world and the dream that every aeronautical engineers want to be true. But now, hypersonic and supersonic travel is not a dream but a reality. With the use of Ramjet and Scramjet engine hypersonic travel are possible. Ramjet and Scramjet works on a same principle with similar design, differing only on the method of combustion of air. Ramjet slow the air to subsonic flow before combusting while Scramjet combust it at supersonic flow.

Also referred to as flying stovepipe, Ramjet engine can operate upto speed of MACH 6 (7350 km/hr). Ramjet engine is different from the turbojet engine as it compresses air without using a rotary compressor. Ramjet are used in missiles, artillery shells, supersonic aircraft that require a small and simple mechanism to acquire high speed.

Ramjet has a disadvantage that it cannot work on a low velocity means that it cannot move an aircraft from standstill. Thus it require a very high supersonic velocity to produce thrust as they use it own speed to compress air. Ramjet at least need a velocity of around MACH 3 to propel the aircraft upto MACH 6.

Ramjet works on a Brayton cycle. The main design that guides the working of Ramjet is its inlet. Ramjet does not contain any rotating parts and thus it is easier to built and maintain. The conical design at a inlet compresses air using high pressure in front of it and force it through the tube to combusting chamber, where it is heated with fuel and ejected through nozzle to accelerate it to supersonic speed. The nozzle acts as a critical part of ramjet design, since it accelerates exhaust flow to produce thrust,

Ramjet have find its use successfully in Russian Indian Brahmos missile and Indian Akash missile. It has also been used as tip jet on helicopter rotors. The world fastest plane Lockheed SR-71 engine acts as ramjet when flying at high speed.

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